pimpdave wrote:BigBallinStalin wrote:pimpdave wrote:And USPS was profitable and nearly independent from any government influence for decades, until the Republican forced an unfunded mandate to bankrupt the system, part of a move to push for a private take over of postal service.
Was the USPS was so profitable because of previous legal barriers on entry into the mail market?
 
And if it was privately run, (1) would it cost the same amount to send a letter no matter where it went in the country, whether down the street or to Alaska?  (2) Would all areas receive the same service or would some be deemed too sparsely populated to be served?  
But this isn't about how awesome our postal service is, it's about health care. 
Since you asked additional questions, I feel obliged to answer; otherwise, why disregard your own suggestion?   Besides, it's still relevant to health care and health care insurance.
The costs:
1)  The costs are paid by everyone already (taxes, deficit spending), so we should consider that cost as well as the price of services actually rendered (e.g. sending a letter).  
1a) People can seek substitutes, like email.  That solves a lot of problems, but if people really value sending a letter, then they'll have to pay whatever price that may be--without forcing other people to pay for something they want (taxation to provide USPS).
The truth is neither of us know; however, given the superior quality of service of private mail providers compared to USPS, then it's very likely that freer competition in markets monopolized by USPS would be beneficial.
2) It depends on the regulatory structure, specifically the legal barriers to entry and state-legislated start-up costs.  With a more flexible avenue for adapting to various demands in various markets, businesses would be more likely to meet their demand.
3) Then there's profit and loss incentives.  Bureaucratic incentives are not geared toward staying in tune with customer preferences because the bureaucracy derives its revenue from involuntary decisions (tax revenue).  The USPS incentive to innovate, lower costs, and increase quality is not rewarded by additional revenue.  If they decrease their budget (i.e. lower costs, innovate), they receive less revenues next year.   The incentive is perverse--unlike the incentives of profit and loss.
My above points provide a framework for understanding health care insurance.  Profit and loss v. bureaucratic and political incentives, regulations, freedom of competition, substitutes, legal enforcement, law creation, etc. all play a part in the provision of any good.
(edit: added "substitutes" )