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jp when he sees everyone else disagreeing with him:
ConfederateSS wrote:-----------Even The battle of Balaclava, or Charge of The Light Brigade ...October 25th 1854 A.D....Sure the British held on...Even Wiki(the professor's goto ) gives the Victory to the Russians in that Valley...Yet that is left out of the Professor's report....It is the most remembered part of the battle...It was kinda of like the Battle of Bunker Hill in the Revolutionary War...The British held the field....But Only because the Americans ran out of ammo...Both battles...The Americans and Russians beat the crap out of the British...Then left....Kind of like a sorta Guerilla Warfare....In one battle.... ... ConfederateSS.out!(The Blue and Silver Rebellion)...
jimboston wrote:What about the Battle of the Sexes?
… either the actual event or the movie… both were pretty great!
The hundred years war hi-res stock photography and images - Alamy
The Hundred Years' War:
NOTE: large sections of this text are adapted from http://www.ehistory.com. See it for more details.
What was it?
The Hundred Years' War was a long struggle between England and France over succession to the French throne. It lasted from 1337 to 1453, so it might more accurately be called the "116 Years' War." The war starts off with several stunning successes on Britain's part, and the English forces dominate France for decades. Then, the struggle see-saws back and forth. In the 1360s, the French are winning. From 1415-1422, the English are winning. After 1415, King Henry V of England revives the campaign and he conquers large portions of France, winning extraordinary political concessions. From 1422 onward, however, the French crown strikes back. The teenage girl Jeanne d'Arc (Joan of Arc), a remarkable young mystic, leads the French troops to reclaim their lands. Here's the brief outline of events, with major battles put in bold red color
(1392) Charles VI of France goes insane.
(...)
(1428-1429) Siege of Orleans The siege of Orleans was the turning point of the Hundred Years' War. After over 80 years of warfare the French finally gained the upper hand with the decisive victory at Orleans. Thomas de Montacute and 5,000 English troops begin the siege of Orleans, the largest fortified position held by Charles of France, on October 23, 1428. William de la Pole, duke of Suffolk, succeeded Montecute in November after he was slain by a cannon ball. The siege lasted months. At around this same time, Joan of Arc appears at the court of Charles. Charles allows Joan to lead a relief force in April. In May, Joan attacks the English in unison with a force from Orleans and she drives the English from their positions. The next day they abandon the siege; military advantage now lies with the French.
(...)
(late 1453) Henry VI goes insane. By 1453, the coast of Calais is the only English possession left in France. It will remain in English possession until the mid-1500s.
The Battle of Marathon in 490 B.C. was part of the first Persian invasion of Greece. The battle was fought on the Marathon plain of northeastern Attica and marked the first blows of the Greco-Persian War.
With the Persians closing in on the Greek capitol, Athenian general Miltiades took command of the hastily assembled army. Miltiades weakened the center of his outnumbered force to strengthen its wings, causing confusion among the invading Persians.
His strategy was victorious over the Persians’ strength, and the victory of “the Marathon men” captured the collective imagination of the Greeks. The tale of the messenger Pheidippides running 25 miles to Athens to deliver the news of the Persian defeat inspired the creation of the modern marathon.
(...)
Significance
Almost immediately, the victory of “the Marathon men” captured the collective imagination of the Greeks. Ceremonial funeral mounds of the legendary 192 Athenian dead and the loyal Plataeans were erected on the battlefield. Epigrams were composed and panoramic murals were put on display.
Most of what we know about the Battle of Marathon comes from the account of the historian Herodotus, who wrote about it around 50 years after the battle took place in his Histories. Another famous author to immortalize the Battle was Robert Browning, who wrote the poem “Pheidippides” in 1879 to commemorate the soldier’s run from Marathon to Athens.
The generally accepted date of the Battle of Marathon is 12 September 490 BC. This was proposed by the nineteenth century scholar August Boeckh, based on accounts written shortly after the battle by the Greek historian Herodotus.
(...)
"We realised that Boeckh's method of dating, using the Athenian calendar, had a serious flaw," says Donald Olson, an astronomer from Texas State University, San Marcos, who argues his case in September's issue of Sky & Telescope. "The Karneia was a Spartan festival, so the analysis should have been done with a Spartan calendar."
Herodotus records that the Athenians called on the army of Sparta, based about 240 kilometres away, to help them fight the Persians. But the devout Spartans explained that they could not march to war during their religious festival of Karneia, which was due to end at the next full moon. Boeckh's calculations related this festival to the Athenian calendar to find the date of battle.
Fool moon
Although both calendars followed the lunar cycle, they were not identical. Whereas the Athenian year began with the first new moon after the summer solstice, the Spartan year began with the first full moon after the autumn equinox. Olson and his colleagues calculated that in the year from 491 to 490 BC, there were ten new moons between the autumn equinox and the summer solstice, one more than usual. This happens occasionally because a solar year is not an exact multiple of a lunar month.
So, for that year, the Spartan calendar was running one lunar month ahead of the Athenian calendar. Olson says that this means the Battle of Marathon actually happened on 12 August 490 BC. He suggests that the summer heat of August may have pushed the runner into a state of heat exhaustion, perhaps explaining his reported collapse.
But Lazenby remains sceptical about this part of Olson's conclusions. "The evidence for the Marathon run is very bad," he says. "There's no record of a messenger dropping dead until the historian Plutarch, who lived over 500 years after the battle. We don't have the faintest idea where Plutarch got the story from."
bigtoughralf wrote:Glad we are in agreement.
No doubt jp4 will be along soon to celebrate India's anti-Muslim pogroms but one step at a time
Aurangzeb
The reign of Aurangzeb (1658-1707) witnessed one of the strongest campaigns of religious violence in the Mughal Empire's history. Aurangzeb is a controversial figure in modern India, often remembered as a "vile oppressor of Hindus".[68] During his rule Aurangzeb expanded the Mughal Empire, conquering much of southern India through long bloody campaigns against non-Muslims. He forcibly converted Hindus to Islam and destroyed Hindu temples.[69][70] He also re-introduced the jizya, a tax on non-Muslims,[71] which had been suspended for the previous 100 years by his great-grandfather Akbar.[72]
Aurangzeb ordered the desecration and destruction of temples when conquering new lands and putting down rebellions, punishing political leaders by destroying the temples that symbolized their power.[73][74] In 1669 he issued orders to all his governors of provinces to "destroy with a willing hand the schools and temples of the infidels, and that they were strictly enjoined to put an entire stop to the teaching and practice of idolatrous forms of worship".[75] According to Richard Eaton these orders appear to have been directed not toward Hindu temples in general, but towards a more narrowly defined "deviant group".[76] The number of Hindu temples destroyed or desecrated under Aurangzeb's rule is unclear, but may have been grossly exaggerated,[note 5] and he probably built more temples than he destroyed.[78] According to Ikram, "Aurangzeb tried to enforce strict Islamic law by ordering the destruction of newly built Hindu temples. Later, the procedure was adopted of closing down rather than destroying the newly built temples in Hindu localities. It is also true that very often the orders of destruction remained a dead letter."[79] Some temples were destroyed entirely; in other cases mosques were built on their foundations, sometimes using the same stones. Idols in temples were smashed, and the city of Mathura was temporarily renamed as Islamabad in local official documents.[75][80]
The persecution during the Islamic period targeted non-Hindus as well.[note 6] In some cases, such as towards the end of Mughal era, the violence and persecution was mutual. Hindus too attacked and damaged Muslim tombs, even when the troops had orders not to harm religious refuges of Muslims. These "few examples of disrespect for Islamic sites", states Indologist Nicholas Gier, "pale in comparison to the great destruction of temples and general persecution of Hindus by Muslims for 500 years".[82] Sources document brutal episodes of persecution. Sikh texts, for example, document their "Guru Teg Bahadur accompanying sixteen Hindu Brahmins on a quest to stop Mughal persecution of Hindus; they were arrested and commanded to convert to Islam on pain of torture and death", states Gier, "they all refused, and in November 1675, Mati Das was sawed in half, Dayal Das was boiled alive, Sati Das was burned alive, and Teg Bahadar was beheaded."[83]
jusplay4fun wrote:Battle of Hastings, 1066 A.D. William the Bastard becomes William the Conqueror and defeats the Anglo Saxon king after he battled and defeated the Vikings. The A-S King (Harold?) then heads south to fight his second big battle in a matter of weeks and this time is defeated and killed. And the British Isles has not been successfully conquered by an outside MILITARY power since.
I have read (a long while back) that the invaders from Normandy likely included troops that were descendants of those that fled Britain because of the Anglo-Saxon Invasion of the British Isles. Among the invaders there were also descendants of Viking warriors who settled in Normandy plus "more native" French or Gauls or descendants of Goths that settled in France before and after the Fall of the Roman Empire.
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